Bulb Planting Tips with Times, Depths and Spacing
Bulbs, Corms, Tubers and Rhizomes for your Garden
Growing bulb type flowers is a very rewarding task, considering the ease of planting and the resulting flower shows.As a general rule, the colder your climate, the earlier you plant your spring flowering bulbs.
In colder northern climates, plant in September or October.
In warmer planting zones you may need to wait to plant bulbs until December or later.
The only universal rule is that, spring flowering bulbs must be planted before the first hard frost. Spring bulbs need a couple of months of chilling time (below 40 degrees F.) to produce their flower spike, which is why it is necessary to plant them in the fall.
By utilizing a mix of early and late flowering bulbs, you will have your own flower show which may last two months or longer. Whether you prefer your bulbs naturalized into the landscape, clustered in groups or standing in a single line, there are a few things which you should consider and some planning you should do before you begin planting them. How to Plant, Grow and Care for Flowering Bulbs in Your LandscapeHow to Force Bulbs to Bloom Indoors and Out of Season |
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Spring Flowering Bulbs |
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Name | Bloom Time Planting Time Hardiness Zones |
Planting Depth (Top of bulb) Bulb Spacing |
Height | Notes | Growing Conditions | |
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Crocus (corm) |
Blooms early spring Plant in fall Zones 3-9 |
Plant 2-3" deep Plant 2-4" apart |
3-6" | Can be forced to bloom |
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Daffodil Narcissus |
Blooms early spring Plant in fall Zones 4-9 |
Plant 3-6" deep Plant 3-8" apart |
6-15" | Can be forced to bloom | |
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Bluebells Scilla siberica (bulb) |
Blooms early spring Plant in Sept/Oct Zones 3-9 |
Plant 2-3" deep Plant 3-5" apart |
4-8" | Evergreen where hardy. Bluebells are excellent for naturalizing. |
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Silver Shamrock Oxalis adenophylla (bulb) |
Blooms early spring Plant in fall Zones 4-10 |
Plant 1½-2" deep Plant 2-4" apart |
3-4" | Beautifully pleated, silvery-blue foliage. Easily maintained. | ||
Grape Hyacinth Muscari (bulb) |
Blooms early spring Plant in fall Zones 3-9 |
Plant 2" deep Plant 2-4" apart |
5-8" | Can be forced to bloom Small, long lived bulbs. Best planted in masses. |
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Hyacinth Hyacinthus (bulb) |
Blooms early spring Plant Sept-Nov Zones 3-9 |
Plant 4-6" deep Plant 6-8" apart |
12" | Can be forced to bloom Grows well in planters Very fragrant flowers. |
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Glory of the Snow Chionodoxa (bulb) |
Blooms early spring Plant in Sept-Oct Zones 4-9 |
Plant 3" deep Plant 2-3" apart |
8" | Look best when planted in masses. Performs best in cold winter regions. | ||
Lily of the Valley Convallaria majalis (rhizome) |
Blooms in early spring Plant in fall Zones 3-9 |
Plant 1½-2" deep Plant 2-4" apart |
5-10" | Can be forced to bloom Sweetly scented flowers, likes partial to full shade. |
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Orange Star Plant Ornithogalum dubium (bulb) |
Blooms early spring Plant in fall Zones 9-10 |
Plant 1 per 5" pot with only base of bulb covered | 12-18" | Can grow as House Plant Produces upright clusters of fragrant 1-2" flowers. |
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Crown Imperial Fritillaria (bulb) |
Blooms mid spring Plant in early fall Zones 5-9 |
Plant 6-8" deep Plant 4-8" apart |
3-4 ft. | Cultivated since the 16th century. Grows very quickly. | ||
Fire Lily Clivia miniata (bulb-like) |
Blooms in spring Plant in spring Zones 10-11 |
Plant up to root crown Plant 2 ft. apart |
12-18" | Can grow as House Plant Will bloom better when root bound. |
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Windflower Anemone blanda (tuber) |
Blooms in spring Plant in fall Zones 6-9 |
Plant 1" deep Plant 6" apart |
8" | Long blooming flowers above dense cover of fern-like foliage. | ||
Freesia (bulb) |
Blooms in spring Plant early fall Zones 9-10 |
Plant 2" deep Plant 2" apart |
12-18" | Can be forced to bloom Can grow as House Plant Very easy to care for bulbs. |
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Gloxinia Sinningia hybridus (tuber) |
Blooms in spring Plant Dec-March Zones 10-12 |
Plant 1" deep Plant 1 per 5" pot |
8-12" | Can grow as House Plant Wide range of both foliage and flower forms and colors. |
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Dutch Iris Iris reticulata (bulb) |
Blooms in spring Plant in fall Zones 3-10 |
Plant 3" deep Plant 6" apart |
6-10" | Can be forced to bloom Fragrant, tubular purple flowers |
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Japanese Iris Iris japonica (rhizome) |
Blooms late spring Plant July-Oct Zones 8-11 |
Plant 2" deep Plant 12" apart |
12-24" | Foliage resembles that of a Daylily. Produces masses of crested flowers. | ||
Siberian Iris Iris Siberica (rhizome) |
Blooms in late spring Plant in early spring or late summer Zones 4-9 |
Plant 1-2" deep Plant 1-2 ft. apart |
2-4 ft. | Very durable and extremely hardy plants. Long blooming period. |
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Shamrock Oxalis oregona (bulb) |
Blooms late spring Plant in late summer Zones 8-10 |
Plant 1-2" deep Plant 2-4" apart |
6-8" | Can grow as House Plant Easy to grow in light shade, never direct sun. |
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Jack in the Pulpit Arisaema (tuber) |
Blooms in late spring Plant in fall-winter Zones vary |
Plant4 " deep Plant 12" apart |
12-30" | Compound, green or variegated leaves divided into 3-30 leaflets | ||
Persian Buttercup Ranunculus asiaticus (tuber) |
Blooms late spring Plant in fall Zones 8-10 |
Plant 2" deep Plant 6-8" apart |
8-18" | 3"-5" Camellia-like flowers atop branched, 8"-18" stem. Grows well in planters |
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Peruvian Lily Alstroemeria (tuber) |
Blooms late spring Plant in fall Zones 7-10 |
Plant 6-8" deep Plant 12" apart |
2-3 ft. | Can grow as House Plant Speckled flowers, Low maintenance, Long lived plant |
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Summer Flowering Bulbs |
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Name | Bloom Time Planting Time Hardiness Zones |
Planting Depth (Top of bulb) Bulb Spacing |
Height | Notes | Growing Conditions | |
Flowering Onion Allium species (bulb) |
Blooms in summer Plant in fall Zones vary |
Plant 2-3x bulb size deep Plant 4-6" apart |
1-6 ft. | 1"-5" flower clusters with dozens of star shaped flowers. | ||
Bearded Iris Iris germanica (rhizome) |
Blooms in summer Plant July-Oct Zones 4-10 |
Plant with top at soil surface Plant 12" apart |
6-48" | Almost every color imaginable, some scented varieties | ||
Dragon Lily Dracunculus (bulb) |
Blooms summer Plant in fall Zones 5-8 |
Plant 6" deep Plant 9-12" apart |
18-24" | Also known as a Voodoo Lily and Stink Lily. | ||
Caladium Colocasia (tuber) |
Plant indoors anytime, outdoors in May Zones 10-11 |
2-3" Plant 1 per 5-6" pot |
12-18" | Can grow as House Plant The foliage color is usually a combination of different shades of red, pink, green, white. |
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Calla Lily Zantedeschia (rhizome) |
Blooms in summer Plant in spring or fall Zones 8-11 |
Plant 4-6" deep Plant 12-18" apart |
2-4 ft. | Can be forced to bloom Large, lush green foliage and beautiful, stately white, pink, yellow or red flowers. |
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Canna Lily Canna generalis (tuber) |
Blooms in summer Plant in May or June Zones 8-11 |
Plant 5" deep Plant 12-18" apart |
3-6 ft. | Grows well in planters Intensely colored, three petaled flowers emerge from the top of 3-8 ft. spikes in mid summer. |
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Chocolate Cosmos Cosmos atrosanguineus (tuber) |
Blooms in summer-fall Plant in spring Zones 7-10 |
Plant 6" deep Plant 12" apart |
18" | Pleasant chocolate fragrance. With excellent drainage and heavy winter mulching Chocolate Cosmos will often survive in zone 6. |
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Gladiola Gladiolus (corm) |
Blooms in summer Plant in spring Zones 8-11 |
Plant 4" deep Plant 4" apart |
12-36" | Easy care, produces a tall spike of dramatic, brightly colored flowers. | ||
Lilies Lilium (bulb) |
Blooms in summer Plant in fall Zones vary |
Planting depth varies Plant 6-12" apart |
12-30" | hu | ||
Lily of the Nile Agapanthus (tuber) |
Blooms in summer Plant evergreens in spring or fall Plant deciduous types in fall Zones 9-11 |
Plant 2" deep Plant 6" apart |
18-36" | Agapanthus don't like their roots disturbed so in colder regions they should be grown in planters. | ||
Montbretia Crocosmia (corm) |
Blooms in summer Plant in May or June Zones 7-11 |
Plant 3-5" deep Plant 4-6" apart |
2-4 ft. | Easy to grow, they can be grown, but not over-wintered in containers | ||
Dahlia Dahlia (tuber) |
Blooms in late summer Plant in late spring Zones 7-11 |
Plant 6" deep Plant 1-3 ft. apart |
1-6 ft. | A blast of different colors, shapes and sizes, flowers can be from 2"-12" in diameter. | ||
Reiger Begonia Begonia tuberhybrida (tuber) |
Blooms summer-fall Plant in early spring Zones 3-9 |
Plant 1" deep Plant 12" apart |
8-24" | Can grow as House Plant Can bloom for several months. |
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Spider Lily Lycoris radiata (x) |
Blooms late summer-fall Plant late summer Zones 7-10 |
Plant 3-6" deep Plant 4-6" apart |
12-18" | Clusters of brilliant red flowers appear seemingly overnight and out of nowhere. | ||
Star of Bethlehem Ornithogalum arabicum (bulb) |
Blooms early summer Plant in September Zones 7-10 |
Plant 4" deep Plant " apart |
12" | Produces upright clusters of fragrant 1-2" flowers. | ||
Tulip Tulipa (bulb) |
Blooms in spring Plant in fall Zones 3-8 |
Plant 4-6" deep Plant 4-8" apart |
10-20" | tulips | ||
Water Lily Nymphaea (tuber) |
Blooms in summer Plant in spring Zones vary |
Plant in wide pot Submerge 18-36"Plant 1 per pot |
low | Can be planted in pots and submerged in your pond or even in a tub on your patio. | ||
Fall and Winter Flowering Bulbs |
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Name | Bloom Time Planting Time Hardiness Zones |
Planting Depth (Top of bulb) Bulb Spacing |
Height | Notes | Growing Conditions | |
Autumn Crocus Colchicum autumnale |
Blooms in fall Plant in late summer Zones 5-9 |
Plant 3-4" deep Plant 6-9" apart |
5-6" | Can be forced to bloom kkkk |
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Fairy Lily Zephyranthes |
Blooms in fall Plant in summer Zones 8-11 |
Plant 1-2" deep Plant 3" apart |
5-8" | Can be forced to bloom Has a tendency in the wild to bloom after a rainfall. |
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Amaryllis Hippeastrum |
Blooms in winter Plant indoors in Nov-Dec Zones 9-11 |
Plant up to neck of bulb Plant 1 per 5" pot |
1-2 ft. | Can be forced to bloom Can grow as House Plant 4-6" flowers on a 1-2 foot stem |
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Snowdrops Galanthus (bulb) |
Blooms late winter Plant in fall Zones 3-9 |
Plant 3-4" deep Plant 2-3" apart |
6" | Each stem holds a single, nodding, bell-shaped, fragrant white flower. | ||
Cyclamen Cyclamen persicum |
Blooms fall-spring Plant in June-Aug. Zones 5-7 / 9-10 |
Tender: Plant with ½ of bulb above soil Hardy: Plant ½" deep Plant 4-8" apart |
2-5" | Can grow as House Plant Needs cool temperatures, fresh air, and moisture. |
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